Mathematics · Probability

Expected Value Calculator

Calculate the weighted mean of three possible outcomes.

Runs locally
Your numbers

Inputs and results stay in this browser. Change one value at a time to explore the relationship.

Your inputCalculatedPassed forward in chains
Expected value7
Probability total1

Calculation steps

  1. 0×0.5+10×0.3+20×0.2=7.
  2. Report Expected value=7, Probability total=1.

Understand Expected value

One idea, three depths

Choose how deeply to explain Expected value

Expected value: Calculate the weighted mean of three possible outcomes.

Age 5Explain it to a 5-year-oldStart with a picture

Imagine using Expected value to answer this question: calculate the weighted mean of three possible outcomes? Enter Outcome 1, Probability 1, Outcome 2, and 3 other inputs; the calculator shows Expected value. For example: Outcomes 0,10,20 with probabilities .5,.3,.2 have expectation 7. The answer tells you Expected value.

Age 15Explain it to a 15-year-oldConnect it to the formula

Expected value is the long-run average under repeated trials. The rule is E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ. Its input values are Outcome 1, Probability 1, Outcome 2, Probability 2, Outcome 3, Probability 3, and the main result is Expected value. For example: Outcomes 0,10,20 with probabilities .5,.3,.2 have expectation 7.

CollegeExplain it at college levelState the model precisely

This calculator evaluates the stated expected value relation over the valid real-number domain stated below. The implemented relation is E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ, evaluated from Outcome 1, Probability 1, Outcome 2, Probability 2, Outcome 3, Probability 3 to produce Expected value. Expected value is the long-run average under repeated trials. Probabilities must sum to one; expected value need not be a possible outcome.

Inputs and valid domain

  • Outcome 1 must be a finite real number.
  • Probability 1 must be a finite real number.
  • Outcome 2 must be a finite real number.
  • Probability 2 must be a finite real number.
  • Outcome 3 must be a finite real number.
  • Probability 3 must be a finite real number.

Important boundary: Probabilities must sum to one; expected value need not be a possible outcome.

The formula

E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ

How the calculator works through it

It substitutes Outcome 1, Probability 1, Outcome 2, Probability 2, Outcome 3, Probability 3 into the formula and exposes every numerical step above. The main output is Expected value, accompanied by Probability total.

Read the result correctly

The Expected value is the direct answer to “calculate the weighted mean of three possible outcomes.” Read it with the units shown beside the inputs; a sign, angle, percentage or rate changes what the number means.

A worked check

Outcomes 0,10,20 with probabilities .5,.3,.2 have expectation 7.

Where this model stops being reliable

Probabilities must sum to one; expected value need not be a possible outcome.

Learn it by changing one value

Begin with the worked example, then change one value while keeping the others fixed. Compare the new result and calculation steps to identify which part of the formula changed.

Dictionary terms behind this calculator

Before studying the codeWhat you should know firstUse the calculator immediately, or check the foundations before reading the implementation.

These foundations help you understand why Expected value works. They never block the calculator, and “optional” means useful context rather than a hidden requirement.

Hard requirements

  • Reading formulas and substituting values

    Expected value uses E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ. You need to recognise what each side represents before substituting the stated inputs or rearranging the relationship.

    Review this foundation about 4 min

Strong support

Optional enrichment

Learn the missing foundationsI already know these — show the code

Mathematics → algorithm → program

Implement this calculation in code

These are direct reference implementations of the calculator's principal relationship and first output. They run locally and include a small known-answer check where the language supports it.

Algorithm

  1. Read Outcome 1, Probability 1, Outcome 2, Probability 2, Outcome 3, Probability 3.
  2. Evaluate the principal relationship: E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ.
  3. Return Expected value and check the domain conditions described above.
Python
            from math import *

def expected_value_three(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) -> float:
    return (((v1 * v2) + (v3 * v4)) + (v5 * v6))

assert abs(expected_value_three(0, 0.5, 10, 0.3, 20, 0.2) - 7) < 1e-6 * max(1.0, abs(7))
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            
C
            #include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>

double expected_value_three(double v1, double v2, double v3, double v4, double v5, double v6) {
    return (((v1 * v2) + (v3 * v4)) + (v5 * v6));
}

int main(void) {
    const double expected = 7;
    const double actual = expected_value_three(0, 0.5, 10, 0.3, 20, 0.2);
    assert(fabs(actual - expected) < 1e-6 * fmax(1.0, fabs(expected)));
}
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            
C++
            #include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <numbers>

double expected_value_three(double v1, double v2, double v3, double v4, double v5, double v6) {
    return (((v1 * v2) + (v3 * v4)) + (v5 * v6));
}

int main() {
    constexpr double expected = 7;
    const double actual = expected_value_three(0, 0.5, 10, 0.3, 20, 0.2);
    assert(std::fabs(actual - expected) < 1e-6 * std::fmax(1.0, std::fabs(expected)));
}
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            
Linux x86-64 assembly

x86-64 NASM · System V ABI · Linux · SSE2 with libm where required

            ; double expected_value_three(double v1, double v2, double v3, double v4, double v5, double v6)
; Linux x86-64 NASM · System V ABI · first eight doubles in xmm0–xmm7
global expected_value_three
section .text

expected_value_three:
    push rbp
    mov rbp, rsp
    sub rsp, 96
    movsd [rbp-8], xmm0
    movsd [rbp-16], xmm1
    movsd [rbp-24], xmm2
    movsd [rbp-32], xmm3
    movsd [rbp-40], xmm4
    movsd [rbp-48], xmm5
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-8]
    mulsd xmm0, [rbp-16]
    movsd [rbp-72], xmm0
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-24]
    mulsd xmm0, [rbp-32]
    movsd [rbp-80], xmm0
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-72]
    addsd xmm0, [rbp-80]
    movsd [rbp-64], xmm0
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-40]
    mulsd xmm0, [rbp-48]
    movsd [rbp-88], xmm0
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-64]
    addsd xmm0, [rbp-88]
    movsd [rbp-56], xmm0
    movsd xmm0, [rbp-56]
    leave
    ret
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            
MATLAB
            function result = expected_value_three(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6)
    result = (((v1 * v2) + (v3 * v4)) + (v5 * v6));
end
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            
Wolfram Language
            ClearAll[mwCalculate];
mwCalculate[v1_, v2_, v3_, v4_, v5_, v6_] := (((v1 * v2) + (v3 * v4)) + (v5 * v6));
          
Current calculator valuesUpdates when you change an input above.
              
            

Continue in mathematical software

The downloaded file includes your current inputs and first calculated result. It is created locally.

Floating-point answers can differ slightly by language, compiler and processor. Compare within a suitable tolerance rather than assuming every decimal representation will be identical.

Supporting sourcesAcademic referencesPrimary standards, textbooks and complete citations

Standards, reading and academic references

Use the calculator as the worked interaction, then consult the primary standards and academic textbooks listed below. MW SysArc links to the original sources; the explanation on this page is original and does not reproduce them.

Introductory Statistics 2e

Read the free OpenStax statistics textbook
Cite this book
APA 7
Illowsky, B., & Dean, S. (2023). Introductory statistics 2e. OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/introductory-statistics-2e/pages/1-introduction
MLA 9
Illowsky, Barbara, and Susan Dean. Introductory Statistics 2e. OpenStax, 2023, https://openstax.org/books/introductory-statistics-2e/pages/1-introduction.
Chicago author-date
Illowsky, Barbara, and Susan Dean. 2023. Introductory Statistics 2e. Houston, TX: OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/introductory-statistics-2e/pages/1-introduction.

OpenStax entries are free to read online. Follow the licence shown on each linked source before redistributing or adapting its content.

Reuse the page responsiblyCite this pageAPA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, BibTeX and RIS

These formats cite this calculator page itself. They are separate from the academic references above, which support the mathematical method and terminology.

APA 7

MW SysArc. (2026, July 21). Expected Value Calculator. MW SysArc Tools. https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes

MLA 9

MW SysArc. “Expected Value Calculator.” MW SysArc Tools, 21 July 2026, https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes. Accessed 31 Aug. 2026.

Chicago 17

MW SysArc. “Expected Value Calculator.” MW SysArc Tools. Published July 21, 2026. Accessed August 31, 2026. https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes.

Harvard

MW SysArc (2026) ‘Expected Value Calculator’, MW SysArc Tools. Published 21 July 2026. Available at: https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes (Accessed: 31 August 2026).

BibTeX and RIS records

BibTeX

@misc{mwsysarc_expected_value_three_2026,
  author = {{MW SysArc}},
  title = {Expected Value Calculator},
  howpublished = {MW SysArc Tools},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes},
  note = {Published July 21, 2026; accessed August 31, 2026}
}

RIS

TY  - ELEC
AU  - MW SysArc
TI  - Expected Value Calculator
T2  - MW SysArc Tools
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026-07-21
Y2  - 2026-08-31
UR  - https://math.mwsysarc.com/probability/expected-value-three-outcomes
N1  - Published July 21, 2026
ER  -

Clear answers

Frequently asked questions

What does the Expected value do?

Calculate the weighted mean of three possible outcomes.

How does the Expected value work?

The calculator applies E[X]=Σxᵢpᵢ. Expected value is the long-run average under repeated trials.

What can I learn from the Expected value?

It connects the mathematical rule to your chosen numbers and shows each calculation step. Change one input at a time to see how the result responds.

Does MW SysArc receive or store what I enter?

No. The calculation runs locally in your browser. MW SysArc does not receive or store your calculation inputs.

How should I use the result?

Use the steps to understand the method, then verify important school or professional work using the notation and rounding rules required in your setting.

Last reviewed . Calculations tested .

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